sigurdV, on 18 January 2012 - 09:51 AM, said:
Heh! The newly emerged science of studying the connections between mind and brain is so new so its name slipped out of my mind... Hmmm, ill find the something else unless someone beats me to it

The usual term for a combination of the study of the mind and behavior – psychology – and the study of physical nerve tissue, chemistry, and structure – neurology – is (rather uncreatively

)
neuropsychology.
It’s a pretty old field, though – I know people who’ve had the title on their doors since the early 1980s, and believe its origins as a specialized discipline distinct from general medicine or psychology dates back to about 1905, coming out of learning in brain surgery from the
Russo-Japanese War.
In my experience, most neuropsychologists are MDs, either completely researched-focused, or with practices specializing in treating brain injuries – that is,
clinical neuropsychologists.
Some of the most fun I ever had programming computers came in the mid 1980s, when I wrote a collection of video games and a system to manage their use in treating brain injuries, under the direction of a team of neuropsychologists.
In the late 1970s through 1980s, inspired in large part, I think, by the writing of “consciousness theorists” like
Marvin Minsky,
Douglas Hofstadter, and
Daniel Dennett, some new academic specialties seemed to emerge, called such things as cognitive psychology, cognitive science, and, among the more unusual, synthetic psychology. Many of these disciplines involved either creating simplified mathematical and computer simulated models of nervous systems, or didn’t concern themselves with real biological nervous systems at all. They tended to be closely associated with the artificial intelligence branch of computer science, with cross-disciplinary ties to traditional philosophy – Minsky and Hofstadter, for example, are considered computer scientists, while Dennett is considered a philosopher.
I met a graduate student ca. 1980 who described his degree program as being in “cognitive science”, but am not sure what he actually graduate in.
The popularity of these programs seem to me to have faded after an initial surge in the early ‘80s. I believe this is because of disappointment over failure to meet optimistic near-term expectations for technologies from AI to increased human intelligence (
nootropics) – in short, because the challenges in these fields have proven harder than many anticipated.
In summary, I’m not aware of any kind of neuropsychology or cognitive science that’s especially new. The enabling technologies for neuropsychology are from fairly old –
fMRI, for example, was first achieved around 1990, and commonly available in commercial systems by the mid 1990s – to very old – electrodes, still the highest-resolution technology available, were used ca. 1900. Although these technologies are continuously improved, the improvements are incremental, while potential breakthrough technologies, such as antimatter beam imaging, remain unrealized speculation (for example, by Robert Forward ca. 1995).
This thread’s title question, “is there an unconscious mind”, is in my experience asked mostly in the personality theory branch of psychology, usually in the context of psychotherapy. It’s more of a metaphorical/practical philosophical question than a scientific one, as there’s not a sufficiently clear, objective definition of “conscious” and “unconscious” to ask such a question in a neuro-scientifically rigorous way.
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