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- Interested in gardening, the environment, politics,science, medicine, herbs and herbal medicine, med
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Little Bang 
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Topics I've Started
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Virtual Special Issue On Biochar
23 May 2012 - 05:18 PM
Virtual Special Issue on Biochar
Compiled by: Richard Burns, The University of Queensland, Australia and Karl Ritz, Cranfield University, UK
Over the past few years, the impact of adding pyrolysed organic carbon (or biochar as we usually call it) to agricultural soils has received much attention from biologists because of the possible benefits arising to soil quality and crop yields. A further impetus has been the potential to gain carbon credits by carbon sequestration. There are many different forms of biochar, determined according to such factors as nature of source material and pyrolysis temperature. Some studies have shown that biochars can apparently improve a number of soil chemical and physical properties, including exchange capacity and nutrient retention, as well as structure, water relations and nutrient availability. Others have concentrated on the impacts of biochar on soil organisms and the attendant processes that they regulate.
The 29 papers presented in this Virtual Special Issue are a selection of those exploring this biochar theme and which have been published in Soil Biology & Biochemistry since 2009. They illustrate the diversity of such research as well as some of the warmly debated, but as yet equivocal, benefits. The subjects of these communications range from: impacts on community composition and C dynamics including the priming effect, nitrogen cycling processes, enzyme activities and the C cycle, to the impacts of biochar on earthworms and their activities, and, of course, effects on plant growth and yield.
We hope that collating these publications under one virtual roof will stimulate informed debate and accelerate the arrival at a consensus regarding whether biochar is an important addition to our much-needed agricultural armoury or a passing trend with no lasting value or consequences for environmental management.
Papers included in this virtual special issue:
Papers included in this virtual special issue:
- Organic nitrogen mineralisation in two contrasting agro-ecosystems is unchanged by biochar addition
Dempster, D.N., Jones, D.L., Murphy, D.V.
(2012) Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 48, pp. 47-50 - Mechanisms of biochar decreasing methane emission from Chinese paddy soils
Feng, Y., Xu, Y., Yu, Y., Xie, Z., Lin, X.
(2012) Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 46, pp. 80-88 - Effects of slow and fast pyrolysis biochar on soil C and N turnover dynamics
Bruun, E.W., Ambus, P., Egsgaard, H., Hauggaard-Nielsen, H.
(2012) Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 46, pp. 73-79 - Biochar-mediated changes in soil quality and plant growth in a three year field trial
Jones, D.L., Rousk, J., Edwards-Jones, G., DeLuca, T.H., Murphy, D.V.
(2012) Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 45, pp. 113-124 - Bioavailability of N released from N-rich pyrogenic organic matter: An incubation study
José M. de la Rosa, Heike Knicker
(2011) Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 43 (12), p.p. 2368–2373 - Short term soil priming effects and the mineralisation of biochar following its incorporation to soils of different pH
Luo, Y., Durenkamp, M., De Nobili, M., Lin, Q., Brookes, P.C.
(2011) Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 43 (11), pp. 2304-2314 - Localisation of nitrate in the rhizosphere of biochar-amended soils
Prendergast-Miller, M.T., Duvall, M., Sohi, S.P.
(2011) Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 43 (11), pp. 2243-2246 - The priming potential of biochar products in relation to labile carbon contents and soil organic matter status
Cross, A., Sohi, S.P.
(2011) Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 43 (10), pp. 2127-2134 - Charcoal quality does not change over a century in a tropical agro-ecosystem
Maximilian P.W. Schneider, Johannes Lehmann, Michael W.I. Schmidt
(2011) Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 43 (9), p.p. 1992-1994 - Pyrogenic carbon quantity and quality unchanged after 55 years of organic matter depletion in a Chernozem
Nadezda A. Vasilyeva, Samuel Abiven, Evgeniy Y. Milanovskiy, Michael Hilf, Oleg V. Rizhkov, Michael W.I. Schmidt
(2011) Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 43 (9), p.p. 1985–1988 - Effects of wood char and activated carbon on the hydrolysis of cellobiose by β-glucosidase from Aspergillus niger
Lammirato, C., Miltner, A., Kaestner, M.
(2011) Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 43 (9), pp. 1936-1942 - Biochar effects on soil biota - A review
Lehmann, J., Rillig, M.C., Thies, J., Masiello, C.A., Hockaday, W.C., Crowley, D.
(2011) Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 43 (9), pp. 1812-1836 - Degradability of black carbon and its impact on trace gas fluxes and carbon turnover in paddy soils
Knoblauch, C., Maarifat, A.-A., Pfeiffer, E.-M., Haefele, S.M.
(2011) Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 43 (9), pp. 1768-1778 - Earthworm avoidance of biochar can be mitigated by wetting
Li, D., Hockaday, W.C., Masiello, C.A., Alvarez, P.J.J.
(2011) Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 43 (8), pp. 1732-1737 - Short-term biochar-induced increase in soil CO2 release is both biotically and abiotically mediated
Jones, D.L., Murphy, D.V., Khalid, M., Ahmad, W., Edwards-Jones, G., DeLuca, T.H.
(2011) Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 43 (8), pp. 1723-1731 - Pyrogenic carbon soluble fraction is larger and more aromatic in aged charcoal than in fresh charcoal
Abiven Samuel; Hengartner Pascal; Schneider Maximilian P. W.; et al.
(2011) Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 43 (7), p.p. 1615-1617 - Quantitative analysis of biochar in field soil
Koide, R.T., Petprakob, K., Peoples, M.
(2011) Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 43 (7), pp. 1563-1568 - Positive and negative carbon mineralization priming effects among a variety of biochar-amended soils
Zimmerman, A.R., Gao, B., Ahn, M.-Y.
(2011) Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 43 (6), pp. 1169-1179 - Soil organic N - An under-rated player for C sequestration in soils?
Heike Knicker
(2011) Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 43 (6), p.p. 1118-1129 - Biochar mediated alterations in herbicide breakdown and leaching in soil
Jones, D.L., Edwards-Jones, G., Murphy, D.V.
(2011) Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 43 (4), pp. 804-813 - Taxa-specific changes in soil microbial community composition induced by pyrogenic carbon amendments
Khodadad, C.L.M., Zimmerman, A.R., Green, S.J., Uthandi, S., Foster, J.S.
(2011) Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 43 (2), pp. 385-392 - Reconciling apparent variability in effects of biochar amendment on soil enzyme activities by assay optimization
Bailey, V.L., Fansler, S.J., Smith, J.L., Bolton, H.
(2011) Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 43 (2), pp. 296-301 - Carbon and nitrogen degradation on molecular scale of grass-derived pyrogenic organic material during 28 months of incubation in soil
André Hilscher, Heike Knicker
(2011) Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 43 (2), p.p. 261-270 - Carbon and trace element fluxes in the pore water of an urban soil following greenwaste compost, woody and biochar amendments, inoculated with the earthworm Lumbricus terrestris
Beesley, L., Dickinson, N.
(2011) Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 43 (1), pp. 188-196 - The effect of young biochar on soil respiration
Smith, J.L., Collins, H.P., Bailey, V.L.
(2010) Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 42 (12), pp. 2345-2347 - Impact of black carbon addition to soil on the determination of soil microbial biomass by fumigation extraction
Durenkamp, M., Luo, Y., Brookes, P.C.
(2010) Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 42 (11), pp. 2026-2029 - Contrasted effect of biochar and earthworms on rice growth and resource allocation in different soils
Noguera, D., Rondón, M., Laossi, K.-R., Hoyos, V., Lavelle, P., Cruz de Carvalho, M.H., Barot, S.
(2010) Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 42 (7), pp. 1017-1027 - Effect of biochar amendment on soil carbon balance and soil microbial activity
Steinbeiss, S., Gleixner, G., Antonietti, M.
(2009) Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 41 (6), pp. 1301-1310 - Black carbon decomposition and incorporation into soil microbial biomass estimated by 14C labeling
Kuzyakov, Y., Subbotina, I., Chen, H., Bogomolova, I., Xu, X.
(2009) Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 41 (2), pp. 210-219 - http://www.journals....sue-on-biochar/
- Organic nitrogen mineralisation in two contrasting agro-ecosystems is unchanged by biochar addition
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Not-Quite-So Elementary, My Dear Electron
20 April 2012 - 02:27 AM
Not-quite-so elementary, my dear electron
Fundamental particle ‘splits’ into quasiparticles, including the new ‘orbiton’.
This just did my head in
http://www.nature.co...T.mc_id=FBK_NPG
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E=Mc2? Not On Conservapedia
04 April 2012 - 08:37 AM
http://www.newscient...servapedia.html
Religious believers have quite the love/hate relationship with Albert Einstein. Some quote the physicist's comments about God not playing dice with the universe to support their own views – despite the fact that Einstein himself said, "I do not believe in a personal God." One young-Earth creationist site even uses an Einstein quote in a diatribe against evolution. Now the pendulum is swinging over to hate as Einstein goes the way of Darwin, becoming an unlikely enemy of some on the religious right.
It seems that the folks at Conservapedia – a sort of conservative alternative to the more familar online encyclopedia Wikipedia – are not fans of Einstein's most famous theory, general relativity. In fact, they view it as a far-reaching liberal conspiracy.
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Question Over Theory Of Lunar Formation
27 March 2012 - 06:06 PM
chemical analysis of lunar rocks may force scientists to revise the leading theory for the Moon's formation: that the satellite was born when a Mars-sized body smacked into the infant Earth some 4.5 billion years ago.
If that were the case, the Moon ought to bear the chemical signature of both Earth and its proposed 'second' parent. But a study published today in Nature Geoscience1suggests that the Moon’s isotopic composition reflects only Earth's contribution.
Junjun Zhang at the University of Chicago in Illinois and her colleagues used a mass spectrometer to make the most precise measurement so far of the relative abundance of titanium-50 and titanium-47 in Moon rocks gathered by the Apollo missions in the 1970s. The authors report that the lunar ratio of the two isotopes is identical to that found in Earth’s mantle, within about 4 parts per million
http://www.nature.co...T.mc_id=FBK_NPG
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Are Lawyers Peer Reviewing Science Now?
14 March 2012 - 01:54 AM
Surely this is a hoax?????
"ScienceInsider got hold of a threatening letter that lawyers for the mining industry sent to various scientific journals (PDF) concerning data from the U.S. 'Diesel Exhaust in Miners Study.' Many occupationalhealth researchers believe the study will show a link between diesel exhaust and cancer. A handful of scientists have commented on the letter and its implications."http://science.slash...ntific-journals
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Michaelangelica
06 Nov 2011 - 22:54It would be very boring if we were all the same.
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