CONTENTS for T.P. Parent Thread which started it all

[Essay]

Not really a Table of Contents; more like a List.

 

Contents for:

"Terra Preta - The parent thread which started it all."

note: [?'s] is just shorthand for "Questions."

note: This Contents List was compiled sporadically, inconsistently, and subjectively [with a few comments]; and with some posts omitted.

note: "M" = Michaelangelica; etc.

 

Contents for:

"Terra Preta - The parent thread which started it all."

 

#1: Coldhead: Inquiry.

#2: Fishteacher73:

#3: Uncle Al: Activated Charcoal.

#4: Turtle: Adsorption.

#8: Danielled330: SOM: "I'm studying terra preta at the moment...."

#10: Michaelangelica (M): Link.

#14: Turtle: Activated charcoal defined.

#19: erich: "Over the past 25 years I've experimented in my soil prep regimes...."

#20: M: Link to other TP discussion. Neves, Glaser, Wood, Janet Thies.

erich #21: Links, M-Roots.

M #24: pH ?'s

M #25: Link, EPRIDA: Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute: National Grassland Research Institute.

...National Institute of Agro-Environmental Sciences - Japan: Clark Atlanta University, Georgia Institute of Technology, DOE National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Scientific Carbons, Inc. and Enviro-tech, Inc.

Hydrogen: Peanut Shells.

 

T #26: Foil, Light, Heat, Evaporation Tray, Global Dimming.

M #27: Hydrogen generation, Coppicing.

M #28: vitamin B-12.

M #29: EM, Effective Microbes: AN EARTH SAVING REVOLUTION by Dr Teruo Higa.

Erich #30: CrossLinks; NanoLogix, Craig Ventor, MRoots.

 

M #31: Johannes Lehmann, assistant professor in the Department of Soil Fertility Management and Soil Biogeochemistry at Cornell University...: & Also see Eprida...

...based on the carbon-rich Terra Preta concept that uses charcoal to absorb greenhouse gases at facilities that burn fossil fuels. The charcoal is then mixed with other nutrients to create a super fertilizer, according to Day.

Day said that to create the charcoal that could be used as fertilizer, the biomass must be burned at temperatures somewhat lower than usual (say, 250 to 300 degrees Celsius).

"It's not the stuff you use in your barbecue," he said, noting that microbes in the nutrients bind the carbon to the mixture, preventing it from being released into the air or leeched into the ground for up to 5,000 years.

The charcoal fertilizer could be used to restore the nutrients in areas around the globe where soil has been depleted, according to Day. He believes charcoal-enhanced soil could increase crop yields by 200 percent to 300 percent.

 

Charcoal: #32: Soil Temperature lower w/ charcoal?

Charcoal: #33:

Activated charcoal is produced with high temperature and the conversion efficiency is low (carbon in biomass to carbon in charcoal). It is used as an adsorbent. Bio-char is charcoal produced at lower temperatures (with ~50% c yield). The pH, adsorbing capacity, poor size and structure of charcoal is temperature dependent and so is the effect on certain crops and soils. Charcoal applications can be optimized. Some charcoals (peanut shell) contain plant nutrients others not.

&& #34:

Terra preta is more than only charcoal. Charcoal and maybe the pottery perhaps favored a special microbial community. The Terra Preta fertility (pH 6-7, very high P and Ca contents) are mainly due to bones. Besides charcoal, Terra Preta contains lots of bones from fish, animals and supposedly humans too.

 

&& #35: Hydrogen ?'s.

 

SoilWatcher #36: Links: "The microbes ...live and die inside the porous media increasing its carbon content."

 

Racoon #37: "This thread is Way Cool! ...Soil productivity is crucial to survival...."

 

Turtle #38: LINK, "Here is some info on building a parabolic trough solar oven for making your own charcoal."

 

Racoon #39: "Horticulture Charcoal" & Pulverizing ?'s.

 

Turtle #40: Oven ? Garden Wastes ?

 

Turtle #41: DIY Building a Solar Char Maker.

 

#42-45: DIY discussion: w/ LINK.

 

M #46: Numbers, History: Link:

However, charcoal was not limited to use as a fuel. The wood tars produced were used for caulking ships and the lighter pyroligneous acid (which the Egyptians had used for embalming) may have had a use in the production of dyes. Charcoal posts were used for construction support in wet areas where ordinary timber would have quickly rotted whilst crushed charcoal had uses in the filtration and purification of liquids."

 

M #52: Plant/Carbon Resins: Link

 

Charcoal #53: ...Interior layer of bio-oil condensates that microbes consume....

 

Turtle #55: DIY Photo.

 

M #56: SUMMARY of TP.

 

M #57: Permaculture w/ Link: Orchids: BioDynamics.

 

gost #58: "Oh man, am I glad I found you guys!" "...across the article by Scott Bidstrup, ...on the Gary Jones site."

& DIY: TP variety ?'s.

 

M #61: Charcoal Fun Facts.

 

gost #62:

The higher pH seems to regulate the availability of phosphorous (P). Coarser soil texture allows rapid water percolation, while the high SOM aids in the retention of nutrients, and thus, the low amount of leeching. It's interesting to note that when inorganic fertilizers are added to Dark Earths, leeching is quite high due to the rapid percolation. Despite the rapid percolation of water, the coarse texture and high SOM actually increase available water content of the soil. The overall effect is that Terra Preta does not become waterlogged during heavy rainfall, yet is able to provide adequate moisture to plants during times of drought.

...

The percentage of bio-char in Terra Preta varies from 20-40% and comes in two types: black charcoal and brown. The two types are apparently the result of producing the charcoal at relatively low temps. The brown charcoal is much higher in plant resins and these are thought to be used by the microorganism community in binding nutrients.

 

M #63:

Can anyone get a copy of the book "Amazonian Dark Earths" By Lehman et al Then we could check some of these facts that pop up in some web sites.

I saw the book on Amazon at about $200. they had asecond hand copy for sale too. (Lehman probably makes his students buy it)

 

gost #64:

Lehmann, for instance, sited two studies: 1) Soil fertility increases have been observed in North American Appalachian sites around remnants of charcoal hearths. 2) Higher nutrient availability has also been shown in clayey and sandy soils in the Western United States after the addition of charcoal produced from conifer and hardwood.

http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/fishweir/articles/EricksonADE.pdf

...from the link:

ADE = Amazonian Dark Earths (ADE) have been referred to as Terra Preta de Indio, Indian Black Earth, Black Earth Soils; Black Earth Sites, Anthropogenic Dark Earths, Anthrosols, Anthropic Soils, Terra Preta Arqueológica, and Tierra Negra.

...there are no environmental limitations to the development of agriculture, only cultural limitations. "Agricultural potential" is a cultural phenomenon; it is not something inherent in nature that can be measured, that exists independent of culture. Today, with available technology, agriculture can be carried out anywhere on earth. Whether it is or not in any given habitat is dependent on whether the culture involved has the necessary technology, and whether or not there is a perceived need in relation to the costs involved (capital, material, labor) (Denevan, 1982: 181).

...

Comparative Research on ADE: Is ADE a unique Amazonian phenomenon or is it similar to black earths reported in other parts of the world? C

A less tangible, but important "value" of ADE for contemporary society is as a record of an indigenous knowledge system, an ethnoscience, or appropriate technology, in this case a possibly sustainable landuse strategy that has become lost over time.

Other potential "values" of ADE research are the protection, promotion and regeneration of the native culture of the descendants of the people who made ADE. Documentation of indigenous resource management (Ka'apor; Kayapó examples) increases the appreciation of indigenous knowledge, countering the idea that native practices are backward, primitive holdovers from the past.

 

#68 link:

Archaeologists with the Amapa Institute of Scientific and Technological Research said they uncovered the ruins near Calcoene, 390 kilometers (240 miles) from Macapa, the capital of Amapa state, near Brazil's border with French Guyana.

The pre-colonial observatory was built of 127 blocks of granite each three meters (10 feet) high, arranged upright and evenly spaced in circles in an open field. The archaeologists do not know yet when the structure was built, but ceramic fragments found nearby suggest that it is between between 500 and 2,000 years old.

 

gost #69:

As for making the charcoal itself, so far I have only been using material I've gleaned from a couple of old brush burning piles, but have plans under way to build an eight foot wide solar trough. In the mean time, I thought I'd try making a batch in a 4 inch stovepipe by laying it in the side of my wood-fired steel barrel barbecue when we cook diner tonight. [synergy!]

 

M #72:

See also the hypography thread/topic

"Solar Parabolic Trough Charcoal Oven"

 

M #73:

"priming through co-metabolism of added glucose has been observed to increase mineralization of bio-char."

Error...

 

Anyone want to help me pan for gold here? + link to links:

 

M #74:

....The organo-mineral stabilization of soil organic matter showed that is mainly stabilized via chemi-sorption to mineral surfaces, as well as physical stabilization via entrapment into interior of aggregates....

 

gost #75:

We have spent the last hundred years developing an agriculture based on petrochemicals and are quickly coming to the realization that this is not a sustainable practice. The ancient Amazonians developed a method of organic agriculture that sustained them for at least two thousand years, possibly much longer, and is so stable that their fields, covering an area at least the size of France, are still viable today. We have so much yet to learn.

 

Turtle #78:

I simply have no idea what it means to "prime through co-metabolism of added glucose...." -see #73 above.

 

M #80: **PHOSPHATES!**

The high content of (Al,Fe)-phosphates, amorphous to low crystalline, must be product of the contact between the clayey matrix of pottery wall and the hot aqueous solution formed during the daily cooking of animal foods (main source of phosphor).

The phosphate crystallization took place during the discharge of the potteries put together with waste of organic material from animal and vegetal origin, and leaving to the formation of the ABE-soil profile.

 

& #81: -chemistry; -cation query

 

gost #82:

Regular charcoal briquettes are not a good substitute for ADE charcoal either. They are made from a combination of sawdust charcoal and coal, and sometimes petroleum coke, which can be high in heavy metals. Most of the volatiles and other chemicals actually burn away before you start cooking, but they would still be present if you ground them up and put them in your garden. Kingsford charcoal briquettes are made from: powdered charcoal, anthracite coal, limestone, starch (as a binder), sawdust, and sodium nitrate and a few other ingredients. I've just heard recently, however, that WalMart and Home Depot here in the US both carry what is called "Lump Charcoal," which is the pure stuff, no additives, and it is available in various kinds of wood: hickory, mesquite, oak, etc. You can find a bunch of other brands online as well. A little too expensive to suit me.

 

quote, Lehmann: #84:

We have only begun to realize the potential of how this could reduce pollution in industrialized countries.

Luckily the principles of creating bio-char soils will be very similar no matter what area of the world you're in. Results obtained in Brazil will be pertinent for the United States.

 

gost #85: quote: Danny Day

". . . Low temperature woody charcoal (not grass or high cellulose) has an interior layer of bio-oil condensates that microbes consume and is

equal to glucose in its effect on microbial growth (Christoph Steiner,

EACU 2004). High temp char loses this layer and does not promote soil

fertility very well."

 

M #89: CEC = Cation Exchange Capacity

In general, the CEC of most soils increases with an increase in soil pH.

?

I'm sure any soil scientist could tell us if this is the key property

of laterite, so if you're out there, please post. I haven't seen this stuff

discussed in previous laterite threads. Also, it is frequently mentioned

that laterite adds a good dose of iron for the plants. If the above is true

then this notion is false since the oxide would be unavailable for uptake and

would function instead as a binding site.

?

 

erich #95: Sci. Links (& #93) also.

 

M #96:

So can some mathematician tell me how I am going in the carbon sequestration stakes? and if there where more nuts like me. . .?

 

M #100: carbon content of microbes

 

M #106: leaching trials

 

M #110: Most Australian natives cannot now re-produce without fire of some kind. LOL

 

M #118: According to the humorist Will Rogers during the heart of the great depression and dust bowl

“We keep makin’ people but we ain’t makin’ any new dirt!”

The Rodale Institute Farming Systems Trial® (FST), a long-term study comparing different farming systems, shows that we can gain about 1,000 pounds of carbon per acre per year with cover cropping and crop rotation under organic management.

This is about twice the sustained carbon gain from standard no-till planting for corn or soybeans. FST shows insignificant amounts of carbon are deposited in our conventional tillage corn and soybean rotations with chemical fertilizer and pesticide inputs.

 

erich #121: clean coal, Dr. Danny day replies

 

M #122: Eprida, Danny Day, We don't maximize for hydrogen; we don't maximize for biodisel; we don't maximize for char...By being a little bit inefficient in each, we approximate nature and get a completely efficient cycle.

...

I wonder if gardeners took it up wholeheartedly that more than "offset 9.5 billion tons of carbon" could be sequestered? Anyone want to do the math?

 

erich #135-136: Links, Nature, etc.

 

#137: M

According to Glaser's research, a hectare of metre-deep terra preta can contain 250 tonnes of carbon, as opposed to 100 tonnes in unimproved soils from similar parent material.

The extra carbon is not just in the char — it's also in the organic carbon and enhanced bacterial biomass that the char sustains.

...Brown thinks a 250-hectare farm on a char-and-ammonium-nitrate system can sequester 1,900 tonnes of carbon a year. That difference of 150 tonnes is greater than the amount of carbon in a hectare's worth of plants.

 

#139-140: LINKS FOR CHARCOAL

 

#141: Billy T. contrary views

 

#143 M link -Cornell: Power generation

 

#145: linkS: Due to its polycyclic aromatic structure, black carbon is chemically and microbially stable and persists in the environment over centuries.

Oxidation during this time produces carboxylic groups on the edges of the aromatic backbone, which increases its nutrient-holding capacity.

 

erich #149: Our Carbon who art in heaven, Hallowed be thy name, ...Kudos

 

chrisbrandow #152: Coffee Grounds

 

INow #153: Spent coffee grounds are a good fertilizer in gardens because of their high nitrogen content. Starbucks, and some other coffee shops, have a specific policy of giving away their used coffee grounds to gardeners. While they tend to be only slightly acidic, they also tend to improve the acidity of garden soil through the same chemical processes that cause sawdust to do the same thing. Coffee grounds raise soil acidity sooner if they are added fresh, instead of after brewing. Likewise, coffee diluted with four times its volume of water can be used to amend soil acidity, especially useful for tomatoes, chili peppers, blueberries, and other plants that like high soil acidity.

 

#154: M Links: Coffee!

 

#155: erich: Replies -downsides; Tillage, microbial shock

 

Maikeru #158: New convert!

 

#160 M: Interesting experiment.

I wonder if the charcoal had a light dose of liquid fertiliser this would make any difference? There may not have been enough aeration of the roots either with fine charcoal?

...I imagine the beauty of charcoal is that it would stop fertiliser run-off if you used liquid fertilisers (?)

 

Maikeru #162: Another advantage is the soil doesn't have much of a smell. I think the charcoal zaps the odors. Even with the funky stuff I add, including fish juice (just gave some to my basil two nights ago), the soil and the containers remain agreeable.

 

Maikeru #165: Be careful of one of the posts on that forum by floot linking to a recipe for "horn clay." I read the horn clay article. I'm sure it's good stuff, especially for plants, but not because of spiritual vibes that resonate from lime or silica or horn.

?[What about Phosphorus?]-from the horn

 

Turtle: #168: NOT CC Solution!

&170-179: DEBATE

 

M #180: RECAP

 

Terra Preta Nova #184: New; debate:

 

erich #187: LInk: "If only the US would share these TRUE costs with the public."

 

DEBATE: debate - #190...196

 

Turtle #192: Link, Charcoal Oven

 

TPN #193: Given no one seems to have referenced Duane Johnson redrok dot com

TPN #195: Generation of units with a low enought cost, high enough heat and ease of operation while avoiding the known carcinogen effects of the resulting tars will be the engineering challenge.

 

redgreenblue #199: New, debate.

When the biomass is heated, it gives off syngas (CO, CO2, Methane). As some of you are probably aware, methane has 21x the global warming potential of CO2. So would this process be beneficial or harmful from a global warming perspective? Would some of the char absorb these gases and prevent their release into the atmosphere? I haven't run the numbers on the material balances, but my point is that before we can answer if bio-char is really the answer, we need to be aware of 2nd and 3rd order effects that may shape the success of the solutions we propose.

 

maikeru #201: Hydroelectric power's dirty secret revealed - earth - 24 February 2005 - New Scientist

This is because large amounts of carbon tied up in trees and other plants are released when the reservoir is initially flooded and the plants rot. Then after this first pulse of decay, plant matter settling on the reservoir's bottom decomposes without oxygen, resulting in a build-up of dissolved methane. This is released into the atmosphere when water passes through the dam's turbines. ...Also, seasonal-drawdown regrowth and flooding/decay.

 

rgb #202: Gas ratios.

 

#205-206: Eprida.

 

M; #212;; Police Report.

 

rgb #213: International Agri-Char Initiative.

 

rmark #218-221 : remove Dead-Zones and use sewage....

 

M #221 : Interface chemistry, River Banks, surface area.

 

maikeru #223 Constructed wetland - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

 

SoilWatcher #224 NGW?

 

M #226 Resins in Char? & age? ...Coppicing.

 

Turtle #249 Dead Zones...[what!?]

 

M #228

It's perhaps the ultimate answer to irregular supplies of renewable energy. An annual supply of 515 million short tons of charcoal fed to DCFC's would produce roughly 3400 billion kilowatt-hours of energy.

This is more than the total US generation from fossil fuels, and about 84% of the total electric energy consumed in the USA in 2005; together with the generation from the gas, it could conceivably replace every kilowatt-hour we now use, from the trivial amounts made by solar to the entire contribution of coal, with about 25% extra to play with.

????

 

erich #229-230

http://www.solartoday.org/2006/nov_d...CornerND06.pdf &....TP Nat.Geo. ref.

& A Better Biofuel? -- Whipple 2006 (1207): 5 -- ScienceNOW ...biodiversity.

 

Taildragerdriver #231: [synergies!]

Fire fuel suppression:

agri-char:

flood-irrigation:

 

erich #232: CCX Chicago Carbon Exchange.

 

Tdd #233: Integrative Science, Unintended Consequences.

 

M #234 Links -Gardeners.

 

davidgmills #235

...thought: Every construction project (with land clearing) should be required to turn in some charcoal (to offset the release of CO2 from razing surface).

 

Tdd #238: Pasture Productivity Plans.

 

dgm #239: Drum method.

dgm #242: That means coming up with a way to do it on a small scale and a way to do it so that neighbors don't complain. That is why I like the barbecue pit idea. I am thinking about taking a garbage can and making charcoal in it and putting a grill at the very top of the heap.

 

erich #245: market pyrolysis.

 

Cedars #248: website -blacksmith.

 

Tdd #250: drum/teepee methods: AIR POLLUTION concerns:

?40% char v/v ?? hardwood, softwood, firs.

 

dgm #251: Sugar, 18th International Soil Convention.

 

Links for CHARCOAL:; 245-246-248-250

 

mai #253 : ?Powdered??

 

erich #254: Colonial soils??

Total Bacteria Load/Earth LINK.

 

M #256: Link? of Erich

 

erich #258: "1491" by Charles C. Mann w/ LINK

 

#259: JustForFun: ?Ashes???? + Save Planet LINK

 

erich #260: Summary w/ Links & Beastie Video.

 

??#261-261: dgm & erich :Source of Sequestration: bugs or char.

 

M #263: link & to Oz for the Terrigal Confrence?

 

erich #264: Conference & links Georgia Sustainable Ag.

Energy with Agricultural Carbon Utilization Symposium Sustainable Alternatives to Sequestration

...co-hosted by Eprida and The University of Georgia and is timed to coincide with the G8 Summit

 

M #265: Japanese Link

 

dgm #266: Nature link BETTER.

 

M #269: Vacuum Cleaner Bag contents

 

M #270: The potsherd by itself has only a limited value, but with the help of small quantities of organic matter extraordinary results are possible

***Bacterial habitat!*** w/ India Link ...& charcoal size

Thus in a curious and unexpected way drainage, irrigation, alkali lands, were found to be nothing but illustrations of the aeration problem.

 

dgm #271-272: worms & CowboyCharcoal.com 1-800-775-4060

 

erich #276: Duane Pendergast: Energy, the carbon cycle and greenhouse gas management

 

dgm #277: CowboyCharcoal.com 1-800-775-4060 ...Letter

...& 278: w/ links

 

#279: Chris Brandow

#280: InfiniteNow: Pulverizing charcoal

& #281-284:

 

M #285: ref. Stephen Joseph "Best Energies"

 

M #286: Portuguese?

 

M #287: LINKS alot.

 

M #288: Link, anti-link, Link, Dr Ogawa; porous materials

 

#291: Philip Small

 

PS #292: Wood-Gas Stove

 

maikeru #295: Bio-plant OILS

 

erich #297: posting links of RGB #296

 

rgb #298: more charcoal links & gardening trials [blueberries] ??acidic soil??

- - Temp. Ranges & diff. substrates [peanut hulls]

- - CO2 efflux from fields.

 

erich #299: Post Summary for Publication.

 

rgb #300: paper-mill wastes

 

#301: RBlack: ?Char Temps?

 

erich #302: gasification Links -Discussion Groups

 

M #304: Sugar-cane Leaves; Wind Chimes, White Charcoal; Oxfam link; Contents of Discussion Groups (#302).

............. cutting trees, tree loss.

 

rgb #305: seminar at Cornell

 

#306-308: Nature article Link (permanent)

 

erich #309: TP Mailing List

 

M #310: ?abbreviations?? Leaching/Exchange

 

#311-313: abbrev., units, ??interpretations??

 

M #314: Link Fossil-Free Landscaping?

 

#315-316: More Numbers/Stats (#311-313)

 

M #317: potting techniques, percentages

 

M #318: Charcoal Link for cooking, defs.

 

erich #319: Link, Muck and Mystery blog...

...Philip Small's review of a brace of articles from E/The Environmental Magazine The Scoop On Dirt: Why We Should all Worship the Ground We Walk On, part I and part II, by Tamsyn Jones.

 

M #320: Blog, My anticipated copy of "Teaming with Microbes"

 

erich #321: M-Root, fungal synergies, Links, West.US forest/soil product supplies

 

RB #322-324: referenced articles, "Charcaol as a Potential Tool for Land and Water Remediation"

:& ...called "Amazonian Dark Earths" by Natasha Celine: & 18th World Conference of Soil Science

 

erich #325: Discussion & Data Base by Danny Day

 

Soilwatcher #327-328:

The anthropogenic era is generally thought to have begun 150 to 200 years ago....

...A different hypothesis... emissions of gases first altered atmospheric concentrations thousands of years ago.

 

rgb #329: 1491: New Revelations of the Americas Before Columbus : With a special reference to the Terra Preta

Place: LA13 Time: 19.30 , January 31th, Presentation by Charles Mann, Amherst MA , U.S.A. ,

Gertjan Becx, Joep van den Broek and Guido van Hofwegen (Resilience Foundation, Wageningen)

This lecture is available in real-time/online on INTERNET via link WUR Video Archive

 

RB #330: TP Negatives, N-shock?

 

M #331: "Soil Zoo"

 

rgb #332: Negatives?? Wageningen, Cornell; N Cycle ?'s

 

#333: malcolmf; "Glomalin!" & see Sara Wright

 

M #335: Q's & A's re:rgb

 

RB: #336: Tropical vs. Temperate soils; Crops vs. Trees/Roots

 

M #337: Glomalin sequestration re-Link (ARS, Don Comis)

 

malcolmf #339: ...how well brassicas do, because they are implicated in suppressing arbuscular mycorrhizae.

&340: ...Lehmann from a USDA Symposium on C sequestration.... Out-gassing, N2O & CH4.

 

malc #341: Every country, nay, every field, is different. We need LOCAL research.

 

malc #342: Heavy Metals; sewage; hazardous wastes

 

M #343: "Weeds are just carbon credits by another name"?

 

malc #344: Synergies of technology and social place/issues.

 

malc #345: I have a paper copy of Susanna Hecht & Darrell Posey's Preliminary results on soil management techniques of the Kayapo Indians. Advances in Economic Botany, 7: 174-188, 1989, NY Botanic Garden.

Terra Mulata... "...We can create it [soil] in the most unpromising places, as well as destroy it."

...suggested by the numerous descriptors that exist for ash, and the large body of songs pertaining to burning.

...nutrients range from ashes of particular species applied to plants, termite nests, bones, Azteca ant nests...

 

malc #346: Study Smoke on fertility & bio activity. Positive mostly!

 

M #347: N20 ?'s [GHG!]

 

M #348: "Farmers might also be able to claim carbon credits."

 

malc #349: alternate biomass: Smoke Pollution: TP Code

 

erich #350: "There is nothing more satisfying to me as a gardener than hauling rich people's sh*t back to them and charging them for it."

 

M #351: "nightsoil" Where did this stuff go, historically?

 

M #352: Answer to RB #336.

 

malc #353: Answer to M #347.

 

malc #353: also re: GHG reductions: "...they didn't look at whether it recurs annually after a single charcoal addition in the first year."

 

maikeru #354: "Couldn't you tailor the terra preta/biochar to have higher K values by adding such things as seaweed?"

 

malc #355: "Here is a list of char-making references, organised by type of design."

 

M #356: Blog on pedology. "Edaphology is the study of soil (edaphic) effects."

??Carbon:nitrogen ratios of disked in residue were a big deal due to microbial immobilization.

 

erich #357: 1 gram of charcoal cooked to 650C has a surface area of 400m^2. Other conversions, Acres, Mi.

...chernozem soil Link.

 

M #358: Selling Ag. Carbon! Links!

 

erich #360: Networking: LINKs: Danny Day: Mercury Scrubbing, Coal-fired Power: Pyrolysis.

"...that chicken litter is just Iowa top soil imported ...."

 

malcolmf, #361:

TP CODE:

"I will ensure the...."

 

chrisbrandow et al. #362-365: Richard Branson $25 Million Prize! 2-09-07.

 

dgm #366: Experiment Update! pulverizing vs. not! [re:235 & 272 & 282]

 

Phil S #367: Glomalin and Dr. Lehmann's response! Insightful speculation on micro-niches.

 

malc #368: Intentional vs. middengenic: TP and T. Mulata: link prev. Post: & Oxfam, Gifts that Grow.

?? "...Has it simply been taken from a living carbon sink?"

 

dgm #369 Making Charcoal w/ Smoke and good descriptions.

 

PS #370: Answer to #368. Recalc., replaceable, gassy? [but missed microbe multiplier effect on total biomass].

 

PS #371: Home Pyrolysis unit. Sample, Pics; "inverted downdraft gasifier"

 

dgm #372: pyrolysis musings.

 

#373-377: Pyrolysis Comments: & PS blog:

 

malc #378: Glomalin response: TP REVIEW:

 

M #380: ??Ref. Lehmann, AMD's TP & TM. (#368 & ~378).

 

M #381: Glomalin, (ARS, Don Comis; see #337), LINKS: Sara Wright: Planet Ark: Carbon Coalition.... :

....& Worms: "...that mycorrhizae harbor and sustain soil microbes."

 

#382-383: Pulverization?

 

M #384: Kyoto; CDM [Clean Development Mechanism], ORAL PRESENTATION C Link.

 

M #385: Energy with Agricultural Carbon Utilization Symposium, Georgia.

 

malc #386: Answer to Ref.? (#380).

 

#387-389:

Responses and follow-on to M#381. [~biomass = 1% of soil carbon???]: Soil Biota Numbers, Stats. w/ Links.

 

RBlack #390: "patented" RB Charcoal Cruncher; good one!

 

M #392: Glomalin ?'s [define aggregate: microbes/mineralization-immobilization?] Link; Micorrizas.

 

M #393: High CO2 levels and increased AMF/glomalin/N-C (answer re: #387).

 

M #394: How to kill and measure Glomalin w/ Link.

"...became a tool to detect and quantify glomalin associated with fungal biomass and in a wide range of soils."

 

malc #395: TP v. TM origins/effectiveness controversy.

 

RB #397: Sierra Club Draft: Experimentals, different pH for various Chars.

 

M #398: TP/TM discussion: Antibody ?'s.

 

RB #399: THREAD SUMMARY 2/22/07.

"...So for storage of carbon Terra Preta is better than we thought!"

 

RB #400: Humis Link.

 

dgm #401: Cilantro [nasty, bleach-flavoured herb].

 

dgm #402: Tillage/Char degradation.

 

malc #403: Dry/Fresh raw stock for Char?: Mulch & Char.

 

malc #404: Answer to #398 w/ numbers cited: Glomalin insights.

 

malc #405: Response to #402. ADE cited.

 

malc #406: "Cool Fire" noted.

 

malc #407: Comments re: particle size, TEMP., emissions, glomalin.

 

erich #408: TP Discussion Group: Kingsford Response, "They have many grades of char."

 

malc #409: ....modern accidental TP maker....

 

maikeru #410: Cilantro response, #401: Leafy plants require more N in the soil. Flowering and fruiting plants may require more K than N.: whiteflies: powdered activated charcoal.

 

RB #411: pH considerations; Pine Needles: Logging Wastes: "TP's ...complicated & we have lots of things to try."

"...control the ph level ...use charcoal for both acidic and akaline soils."

"...in talking to a Colorado State University soil professor he was concerned that any process that raised the ph of the soil was not good because most of the soils on the Front Range are already too alkaline."

 

M #412-413: Cilantro, et al.: Whiteflies: activated charcoal alternatives.

 

M #414: ELISA, immuno....?'s

 

#415-416: concerns and ?'s

 

PS #417: Gristmill link, mentions TP.

 

erich #418: "Just Got email from the sculptors of this "Burning Man" project: w/ Link"

 

erich #419: Cornell TP Research Status: "My name is Janice Thies. I am a soil microbial ecologist." & Lehmann.

 

M #420: C-nanotubes: W. Yorkshire Moors. CONTROLLED BURNING; WYR .....SWIDDENSwiddens.

 

PS #421: re: #367 insights!

 

RB #422: "New direction in black carbon organic geochemistry" by C.A. Masiello.: Comments and observations:

“Making Terra Preta is not science. It is Art.”

 

malc #423: YouTube gasifier:

 

INow #424: "We want this rich field of data available and accessible to all...."

Close as Sticky Thread.

[InfiniteNow]

Wow, Essay! Brilliant job! :camera:

 

 

Request to staff: Please sticky this thread so it can be used to more easily access the contents of the parent thread. Thanks!

 

 

 

It's literally breath taking, Essay. Well done.

[Ahmabeliever]

Outstanding effort, possibly the best thing I've seen in a forum, ever!

[freeztar]

This is now a sticky and should become a great index for a great wealth of information.

 

I'm in the process of adding links to Essay's beautiful "skeletal-index". Any suggestions for change should be posted here and will be edited in, if found relevant by Essay or myself.

 

Essay, thanks so much for starting this! :cup:

[InfiniteNow]

I'm in the process of adding links to Essay's beautiful "skeletal-index". Any suggestions for change should be posted here and will be edited in, if found relevant by Essay or myself.

Okay, I hate being the one who noticed this, but at least I found it early...

 

The links you're adding don't take you to the post, only the page on which that post lives. I've had this problem many times myself, and tend instead to use the format you get by clicking on the POST # instead of the Permalink.

 

I don't know why the permalink doesn't take you right to the post, but it doesn't. Unless you guys in the staff group can figure out why not and fix it, you may want to use this format obtained by clicking on the post number itself instead (not as clean, but it takes you right to the post):

 

http://hypography.com/forums/101828-post30.html

 

 

Unfortunately, the number after the "hypography.com/" seems to change with each post, too. So, you cannot copy the same link and just change the post number....

 

 

Either way, it's really great idea to add those links, and well worth it. Let's just make sure the links work as intended! :cup:

[freeztar]

Okay, I hate being the one who noticed this, but at least I found it early...

 

The links you're adding don't take you to the post, only the page on which that post lives. I've had this problem many times myself, and tend instead to use the format you get by clicking on the POST # instead of the Permalink.

 

I don't know why the permalink doesn't take you right to the post, but it doesn't.

 

Works here. :cup:

I right click on the "permalink" (not post #) and then highlight the post # (eg "#3:"). Click on the add link, hit "Ctrl-V" and hit enter or press ok.

 

I'm not having any problem with these from my side. I click on the link and it takes me to the post. :doh:

[InfiniteNow]

Wild. I just tested again, and that's NOT what happens for me. Maybe we can get some volunteers to help test and report here what works for them... Then, later, you can just trim/delete these/those posts from this thread...

 

Either way, thanks for making it even better than it already is, freeztar. :cup:

[freeztar]

I'm running XP SP2 (latest updates) and Firefox 2.0.0.012

 

All is as it should be here. :cup:

 

Anyone else? Can someone confirm or deny, por favor?

I'd hate to continue on if it's all for nothing at this point.

[erich]

WOW!

Thanks for trip down memory lane....reliving revelations!....satisfying synchronisities.....the warm glow of camaraderie .......fellowship in the wisdom of crowds.

 

Carbon to the Soil; "Burning" for A Stable Climate

 

Thanks you guys for this opportunity to contribute.

 

 

Cub TP Reporter (and sometimes Evangelical minister)

Erich J. Knight

(540) 289-9750

[Essay]

Hey, Thanks Mucho!

 

....One of the benefits of being a little manic occasionally. :)

 

Before it turned into "the Contents,"

...it just started as a list of things I wanted to get back to, follow up on, thought I could answer, or discuss/ask about in another (new/existing) thread.

Now I still need to see what other TP threads already exist.

Wee Beasties sure is an enjoyable journey.

 

Some of the links worked perfectly, but others (#35-37) took me to #414.

Mods, Feel free to keep adding, updating, etc. [Thanks!]

I've wondered about adding notes referring to other threads.

If anyone thinks of a note to add (or anything), let me know and I'll try....