Jump to content
Science Forums

Recommended Posts

Posted

 

Hello everyone,

 

Here are contents and an attempt of a summary of a 17 page handwritten paper.

 

Page 1 Outline

 

Page 2 Basic notions

 

Page 3 Thing

 

Page 4, 5 Connections

 

Page 6, 7 Directions/order;

 

                 Equivalence;

 

                 Name;

 

                 Observer;

 

                 Event;

 

                Qualifying;

 

               Recognition-Naming.

 

Page 8 Simple sentence

 

Page 9 “Natural numbers” – 0d thing (quality)

 

Page 10 Vector

 

Page 11 Logic

 

Page 12 Time (in “language”)

 

Page 13 – 1 Things and Connections in 0d space – Names in “Simple sentence”

 

Page 13 “Simple sentence”

 

Page 14 Grammatical case in the “Simple sentence”

 

Page 14 + 1 Connections (in) 0d space – Grammatical cases in “Simple sentence”

 

Page 15 Prepositions in “Simple sentence”

 

 

- - -  - - -  - - -

 

Concepts:

 

Thing, Connection

 

- - -

 

Connections:

 

Equivalence;

 

Set;

 

Quality (Connection_over_1);

 

Genitive_is’’(Definition); Genitive_has’’ (Embedding, Recursion)

 

non_Genitive_is’’ (“next-ness”, function, iteration);

 

non_Genitive_has’’(this connection is a bit shady)

 

 

- - -

 

Definitions/Axioms:

 

Connection and Space are the same.

 

Connection is Thing.

 

Thing is Connection (named Equivalence).

 

/ probably for the sake of symmetry /

 

 

It seems that Equivalence and Set are complementary, Genitive and non-Genitive are complementary and so on.

(complementary as a quality of things which are constituents of a set)

- - -

 

The paper has been on a forum about linguistics for about 2 years in a section named “Outside of the box”.

 

 

 

source:

 

Posted
9 hours ago, tv1000 said:

 

Hello everyone,

 

Here are contents and an attempt of a summary of a 17 page handwritten paper.

 

Page 1 Outline

 

Page 2 Basic notions

 

Page 3 Thing

 

Page 4, 5 Connections

 

Page 6, 7 Directions/order;

 

                 Equivalence;

 

                 Name;

 

                 Observer;

 

                 Event;

 

                Qualifying;

 

               Recognition-Naming.

 

Page 8 Simple sentence

 

Page 9 “Natural numbers” – 0d thing (quality)

 

Page 10 Vector

 

Page 11 Logic

 

Page 12 Time (in “language”)

 

Page 13 – 1 Things and Connections in 0d space – Names in “Simple sentence”

 

Page 13 “Simple sentence”

 

Page 14 Grammatical case in the “Simple sentence”

 

Page 14 + 1 Connections (in) 0d space – Grammatical cases in “Simple sentence”

 

Page 15 Prepositions in “Simple sentence”

 

 

- - -  - - -  - - -

 

Concepts:

 

Thing, Connection

 

- - -

 

Connections:

 

Equivalence;

 

Set;

 

Quality (Connection_over_1);

 

Genitive_is’’(Definition); Genitive_has’’ (Embedding, Recursion)

 

non_Genitive_is’’ (“next-ness”, function, iteration);

 

non_Genitive_has’’(this connection is a bit shady)

 

 

- - -

 

Definitions/Axioms:

 

Connection and Space are the same.

 

Connection is Thing.

 

Thing is Connection (named Equivalence).

 

/ probably for the sake of symmetry /

 

 

It seems that Equivalence and Set are complementary, Genitive and non-Genitive are complementary and so on.

(complementary as a quality of things which are constituents of a set)

- - -

 

The paper has been on a forum about linguistics for about 2 years in a section named “Outside of the box”.

 

 

 

source:

 

Natural numbers are actually fractions of one.

And time would be an extremely large number, and even with the special temporal abnormalities my Delta Shaped 'de Craibin' craft creates your computer can only describe as complex as single electrons in your circuit.l, with the time inch that object exists being equivalent to a very large number (given that these electrons don't become present until 13 billion years ago and there's 10^43 of single times per second)

 

  • 2 weeks later...
Posted

Hi everyone,

I did a terrible job presenting that nonsensical document. If this is not a violation of the rules I'll try again.

 

 


Page 1 Outline
Page 2 Basic notions
Page 3 Thing (Equivalence, as a connection)
Page 4, 5 Connections

  • Connection without direction/order (Set)
    Connection with direction/order

    • Over_0 (Creation, Annihilation)
      Over_1 (State/Quality)
      Over_2

                             Genitive connection

                                 Genitive_is'' (Definition)

                                 Genitive_has'' (Embedding/Recursion)

                            non_Genitive connection

                                 non_Genitive_is'' (“next-ness”, function, iteration)

                               /non_Genitive_verb''/ (any transitive verb)
                                non_Genitive_has'' (?)

Page 6, 7

  • Directions, order
    Equivalence
    Name
    Observer
    Event
    Qualifying
    Recognition-Naming

 

Page 8 Simple sentence
Page 9 “Natural numbers” – 0d thing (quality)
Page 10 Vector
Page 11 Logic
Page 12 Time (in “language”)
Page 13-1 Things and Connections in 0d space – Names in “Simple sentence”
Page 13 "Simple sentence"
Page 14 Grammatical case in the “Simple sentence”
Page 14+1 Connections (in) 0d space – Grammatical cases in “Simple sentence”
Page 15 Connections (in) 0d space – Grammatical cases in “Simple sentence”

 

 

Page 3 Thing (some of the text)

A Thing is a Connection - Equivalence of A and B. (A and B are things)
A thing(-s) is/are always in a space/connection.
One "sees" things and spaces/connections.


Page 4 Connection (some of the text)

Connection is a thing.
Connection is a Space.
Space is a connection.
Connection/Space is not a thing to/for the things it connects/contains.


Page 6 (some of the text)

 

Equivalence
One "sees" A and B as 2 "sides" of 1 thing C. And this thing C is the Connection of A and B.

Name
Name is a Thing.

Observer
Observer is a Thing.

Event
The Event is Equivalence (Connection) of the Observer and the (a) Connection.


Page 8 (some of the text)

So called Real and non_Real things are identical.
Event is a unit of "Reality".
Simple sentence is a unit of "Language".
"Language" is a part of "Reality".
Simple sentence is an Event and consists of events.

 

page 9 (one edited sentence)

"Natural number" is a Quality of a Set (which is Connection, which is Thing) of things which have same (common) quality.


Page 11 (some of the text)

There is no language by itself - just working consciousness.
One's "thinking"/consciousness is the same in every "area".


Page 13 (some of the text)

"Simple sentence"

  • is a Name of a Simple sentence/Event
    consists of Names
    is a result of events

The "Simple sentence" is (has to be) simple, convenient, not exact.

Then the "Simple sentence" is one defined verb by ...

The "Simple sentence" has/employs

  • Grammatical cases
    Omissions
    Abbreviations
    Replacements/Substitutions
    Errors
    Prepositions
    ...


Page 14 (one edited sentence)

Grammatical case is a denotation (by certain means) of a missing (left out) verb/connection
and the 1st and the 2nd in that Connection.


Page 15 (some of the text)

Divider divides Space into Sub_Spaces called Prepositions and other.

Sub_Spaces/Places in 0d Space are the prepositions of and with.

/of is a place in Genitive_has''

/with is a place in non_Genitive_is''

 

 

Summary (a try)

Concepts: Thing, Connection/Space

Symmetry: Connection is Thing - Thing is Connection (Equivalence).

Complementarity:

  • things in a set are complementary
    Equivalence and Set are complementary
    Genitive and non_Genitive are complementary
    Genitive_is'' and Genitive_has'' are complementary
    ...


Verb read'' in "John read book" is a non_Genitive connection (transitive/divalent verb).
Verb read' in "John read" is a Connection_over_1/Quality (read' and red (colour) are Qualities).
/Apple is' red'./

 

 

The link

https://drive.google.com/open?id=1MAFRn ... lysTux17rE

  • 6 months later...
Posted

Hi,

The main ideas:

allegory of the cave (Socrates and Plato);

time and space are part of mind/consciousness (Kant);

Dependency grammar (Lucien Tesnière);

- - -

There are different is (be):

is' - State/Quality of Existence of a thing;
Genitive_is" - Definition;
non_Genitive_is" - "next-ness";
is" (''', '''', ...) Equivalence .

- - -

/in 1-d (with direction): 1st - 2nd - 3rd - .../
/in 0-d non_Genitive_is": Main ("1st") - the_Other ("2nd")/
/in 0-d Genitive_has"   : Possessor ("1st") - Possession ("2nd")/

- - -

page 11 Logic

Space is" (Equiv.) Logic.

(there's space - there's logic/there's logic - there's space)

Space - (things, ... ) - Logic

 

Every society is a space and its logic is that society's law.

society - (... freedom, power, justice, units, ...) - law

So, different families, communities, states, religions, ... are societies.

 

Society of:

one (A) - the law is the laws of Nature; /two (Nature, A) society (???)/

two (A, B):

1. A and B are in a Genitive_has" connection - A has" B. A and B are not equal. A is that society. The law of that society is the law of A.

2. A and B are in a Set connection. A and B are equal - they have same rights.  The Set is that society.

/Genitive_is" connection does not form a society. It is for exchange (???)/

 

= = =    = = =   = = =

 


Machine:

to Eat is" (Equiv.) to Live;
to Feed is" (Equiv.) to Work.

Hunger_1; Hunger_2; Hunger_3; ( ... ???)

Environment: a space that contain a given thing. That thing feeds its Environment.

Mushroom treatment: Environment "feeds" the given thing with lies.

Environment: things that surround a given thing.
 

= = =   = = =   = = =

 

The Basic Concepts: Thing, Connection/Space, Machine (to Eat/to Live - to Feed/to Work)

 

The main ideas:

allegory of the cave (Socrates and Plato);

time and space are part of mind/consciousness (Kant);

Dependency grammar (Lucien Tesnière);

Transactional analysis (Eric Berne).

 

- - -

Building a conscious machine is building Life. 

 

Posted

Hi,

Connection_with_direction/order Over_0 (Creation, Annihilation) is probably not a connection in 0-d but Movement. (???)

Also, if A is (Equiv.) B then changing point of view of the observer is Movement . (???)

- - -

Complementarity: things in a set are complementary.

 

"There are a couple of loose ends I'd like to tie up. Nothing important you understand."
Columbo
 

-

Question and answer are complementary.

-

There is a  conversation between A and B when transactions of both are complementary.

-

Directions on a straight line are complementary.

-

Positive and negative charge are complementary.

-

3 charges:

Red, Green and Blue are complementary.

red and anti-red are complementary;

green and anti-green are complementary;

blue and anti-blue are complementary.

-

To begin and to end are complementary.

 

Amy Helps Sheldon With His Closure Issue

 

-

Good and Evil are complementary.

-

Yin and yang are complementary.

-

...

 

  • 2 weeks later...
Posted

HI,

“Language is the dress of thought.”
Samuel Johnson

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language

- - -

This thread deals with the dress (language) and speculates about thought (mind/consciousness).

This is a sketch of consciousness.

 

- - -

Name, noun, word

noun
https://www.etymonline.com/search?q=noun

Name is Thing. "Simple sentence" is Name and consists of Names.

word
https://www.etymonline.com/search?q=word

Word is Name.
to have a word with (someone)

A sentence is Word. A phrase is Word. A word is Word. A root is Word. An affix is Word. A word ending is Word.
Everything that has meaning is Word. Word is made of words.

https://www.affixes.org/

- - -

Set (Connection_without_direction/order) or Equivalence (Connection_without_direction/order)
Set will be used for simplicity, Equivalence will be meant.

Word is both Set (Connection; Connection is Thing) and every element (Thing) of that Set of:

written word - encoding of letters (and signs);
spoken word - encoding of sounds;
misspelled, mispronounced, ... word - encoding recognised as the word in question;
meaning - encoding of/through Things and Spaces.

Meaningful_Word is a Set (Word) which contains Meaning.
not_Meaningful_Word (gibberish, babble) is a Set (Word) which does not contain Meaning.

= = =

Stephen Krashen's Theory of Second Language Acquisition

https://www.sk.com.br/sk-krash-english.html

= = =


Event has structure: Observer (thing) - Equivalence (thing-connection) - connection (thing).
Without that structure there isn't event (-thought-simple sentence). Without event there isn't anything.

Exist (is') - not exist (is'_not),
real - not real,
true - false,
right - wrong,
good - bad,
...
are complementary (here sets of 2; set can be of 3, 4, ...).
st edited: Wednesday at 5:53 PM
basic concepts; definitions; axioms; ...
Basic Concepts: Thing, Connection/Space, Machine (to Eat/to Live - to Feed/to Work)
/ 0-d space: Equivalence, Set, State/Quality, Definition, Embedding and "Next-ness" 
/1-d, 2-d, 3-d spaces as connections

A conscious machine has to be contained : Mushroom treatment (filters) or Laws of robotics

John has an arm (body) and John has an apple. Are his arm and his apple so different?!
 
= = =
 
The Blind Men and the Elephant --
John Godfrey Saxe's (1816-1887) version of the famous Indian legend:

It was six men of Indostan,
To learning much inclined,
Who went to see the Elephant
(Though all of them were blind),
That each by observation
Might satisfy his mind.

The First approach'd the Elephant,
And happening to fall
Against his broad and sturdy side,
At once began to bawl:
"God bless me! but the Elephant
Is very like a wall!"

The Second, feeling of the tusk,
Cried, -"Ho! what have we here
So very round and smooth and sharp?
To me 'tis mighty clear,
This wonder of an Elephant
Is very like a spear!"

The Third approach'd the animal,
And happening to take
The squirming trunk within his hands,
Thus boldly up and spake:
"I see," -quoth he- "the Elephant
Is very like a snake!"

The Fourth reached out an eager hand,
And felt about the knee:
"What most this wondrous beast is like
Is mighty plain," -quoth he,-
"'Tis clear enough the Elephant
Is very like a tree!"

The Fifth, who chanced to touch the ear,
Said- "E'en the blindest man
Can tell what this resembles most;
Deny the fact who can,
This marvel of an Elephant
Is very like a fan!"

The Sixth no sooner had begun
About the beast to grope,
Then, seizing on the swinging tail
That fell within his scope,
"I see," -quoth he,- "the Elephant
Is very like a rope!"

And so these men of Indostan
Disputed loud and long,
Each in his own opinion
Exceeding stiff and strong,
Though each was partly in the right,
And all were in the wrong!

MORAL,
So, oft in theologic wars
The disputants, I ween,
Rail on in utter ignorance
Of what each other mean;
And prate about an Elephant
Not one of them has seen!
 
 
Posted

Hi,

 

Geoffrey Hinton
This Canadian Genius Created Modern AI

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l9RWTMNnvi4

 

- - -

 

Forbes
Language Is The Next Great Frontier In AI (Feb 13, 2022, 05:00 pm EST)
https://www.forbes.com/sites/robtoews/2022/02/13/language-is-the-next-great-frontier-in-ai/?sh=35c64555c506

"Language is the cornerstone of human intelligence.

... 

(... BERT, RoBERTa, GPT, GPT-2, GPT-3, ...)

...

Conclusion
Language is at the heart of human intelligence. It therefore is and must be at the heart of our efforts to build artificial intelligence. No sophisticated AI can exist without mastery of language. 

... "

 

- - -

 

Jerry Fodor Interview on Philosophy of Mind

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2gBKeYiPDgo

...

17:50 Consciousness

...

= = =

Today's AI is about subconscious processes of the future conscious machine.
 

 

Language and Artificial Intelligence — David Adger

 

Posted
On 6/20/2022 at 4:39 AM, tv1000 said:

Name, noun, word

noun
https://www.etymonline.com/search?q=noun

Name is Thing. "Simple sentence" is Name and consists of Names.

word
https://www.etymonline.com/search?q=word

Word is Name.
to have a word with (someone)

A sentence is Word. A phrase is Word. A word is Word. A root is Word. An affix is Word. A word ending is Word.
Everything that has meaning is Word. Word is made of words.

https://www.affixes.org/

- - -

Set (Connection_without_direction/order) or Equivalence (Connection_without_direction/order)
Set will be used for simplicity, Equivalence will be meant.

Word is both Set (Connection; Connection is Thing) and every element (Thing) of that Set of:

written word - encoding of letters (and signs);
spoken word - encoding of sounds;
misspelled, mispronounced, ... word - encoding recognised as the word in question;
meaning - encoding of/through Things and Spaces.

Meaningful_Word is a Set (Word) which contains Meaning.
not_Meaningful_Word (gibberish, babble) is a Set (Word) which does not contain Meaning.

= = =

 

 

"In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. The same was in the beginning with God. All things were made through him; and without him was not anything made that hath been made. In him was life; ..."

The Gospel of John

- - -

There are event and observer, and word (word as word and word as meaning, and word as connection (Equiv.)).

Word in the gospel stands also for knowledge (Logos = meaning).

 

Posted
4 minutes ago, JeffreysTubes8 said:

Yes the actual points on either a line or a curve have no dimensions in and of themselves but they culminate in the first dimension.

Hi, JeffreysTubes8,

I agree. It would be better if 0-d space is written ""0-d" space".

Posted

Hi,

Miloš Forman, film director:

1. One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest (1975);

2. Amadeus (1984);

3. Hair (1979);

4. Man On the Moon (1999);

5. The People Vs. Larry Flint (1996);

6. Ragtime (1981);

...

In an interview, Miloš Forman said (a paraphrase): Listen, you have to tell the truth. But try not to be boring. Because truth is boring.

- - -

There is a problem with building a conscious machine.

Philosophers see it, linguists see it, people in the know see it and people in the "do" feel it.

- - -

The main ideas:

allegory of the cave (Socrates and Plato);

time and space are part of mind (Kant); today's "gods" have to "create" spaces: 0-d, 1-d, 2-d, 3-d, ...;
/and actions, transactions, movements, .../

Dependency grammar (Lucien Tesnière);

/"simple sentence. 0-d space" (as a Dependency grammar):
////// Page 11 Space - (things, ... ) - "Logic";
////// /Space is" (Equiv.) "Logic".
////// /"Logic" - rules of Space
////// /there's space - there's "logic"/there's "logic" - there's space


Transactional analysis (Eric Berne) (transactions (probably non_Genitive_is" as a "connection")).

...


A great deal of work has been done for the past 30 - 25 hundred years.


= = =

Consider this:

Transactional analysis (Eric Berne): (to Eat) Hunger: hunger_1; hunger_2; hunger_3; ... ;

to Eat (reward) (in the broadest sense) is to Live;

Environment: a space that contains a given thing. That thing feeds its Environment.

Mushroom treatment: Environment "feeds" the given thing with lies.
/A conscious machine has to be contained : Mushroom treatment (filters) or Laws of robotics

Environment: things that surround a given thing.


= = =

Building conscious machine is building Life.

= = =

Reward is enough (reward = food)

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0004370221000862

- - -

3 Paths To AGI

 

Posted
Hi, 

Part_1 looks like grammar - "Static". Things, Connections/Spaces
 

Part_2 does not look like grammar - "Dynamic"~ Machine (-s)

Connections/Spaces with direction/order give/form Flows/Currents.

Genitive gives Feeding/Eating (, ... ???).

Non_Genitive gives Transactions/Exchange (???)

Creation/Annihilation are here. (???)

1-d space with its 2 directions (???)

- - -

Stimulus hunger

Recognition hunger

Time structure hunger

...

- - -

Time in Part_1: 0-d and 1-d representation, ...

Time in Part_2 is with memory (???).
(Now=0) is Observer's State/Quality.
Memories are events which have Observer(Now=-1, ...) and Observer(Now=0) has them.
Observer(Now=0) becomes Observer(Now=-1) every few seconds.


Those are just speculations.
 
 
Posted

Hi,

Equivalence gives Sides.

Set gives Complementarity.

Genitive-ness gives Levels/Hierarchy/Power.

Non_Genitive-ness gives Next-ness.

 

= = = = = = = = =

 

society - (A, B, ... - members) - law

1. one enforces the law on another
or
2. "the Parent"/conscience enforces the law (in the "head" of a member of a society)

(in 1.) One can be enforcer or enforce-ee.
https://www.affixes.org/alpha/e/-ee.html

(in 2.) One (one's state of I/Ego/being) can be in a state of "the Parent"/enforcer or Adult, Child (enforce-ee).

Posted
Part_1 (looks like grammar - "Static") Things, Connections/Spaces

Equivalence "gives" Sides.

Set "gives" Complementarity.

Genitive-ness "gives" Levels/Hierarchy/Power.

Non_Genitive-ness "gives" Next-ness.

Connection_over_1 "gives" Existence.



Part_2 (does not look like grammar - "Dynamic") Machine (-s)

Connections/Spaces with direction/order form Flows/Currents.

Genitive forms Feeding/Eating (, ... ???).

Non_Genitive forms Transactions/Exchange

Creation/Annihilation_over_0/1 is here.

1-d space with its 2 directions of movement(/flow/current) is here.

(... ?)
 
Posted

Hi,

Just to be on the same page:

Basic English Grammar For Learning Latin Part I (3:31 min.)

 

= = =

Basic English Grammar For Learning Latin Part II (7:24 min.)

 

= = =

We have these 5:

verbs;
nouns;
adjectives;
adverbs;
prepositions.

Plus, we have the Speaker, Grammatical moods, Grammatical cases, Time in language. We need a formula which describes/combines all these.

The "simple sentence. 0-d space" is just another dependency grammar. The core of it is that the verb is the most important part of a simple sentence and other words depend on it (Lucien Tesnière). Transitive verb is viewed as Connection of two - the subject and the object. From that starting point start the speculations: grammatical case is a missing verb (Instr. case, Genitive case, Dative case, ...); adjective, adverb and (intransitive) verb have to be "cut form the same cloth" (adverb modifies adjective and verb). Connection in that sense is "the least common denominator":
adjective/adverb is connection; intransitive verb is connection; transitive verb is connection; number in language is an adjective so from here comes set as connection. Verb sometimes is the "1st" in Instr. case and Dative case, so connection have to be taken also as noun/thing.

Grammatical mood is a grammatical feature of verbs, used for signaling modality (Wikipedia). But it would be better if it is a state of the Speaker and the Speaker has to be somehow incorporated in the structure of the Simple sentence (from here comes the need of Equivalence as a connection).

In, on, at, under, ... are prepositions. If they are "seen" as places in 3-d space, then of and with as prepositions have to be "places" somewhere hence

0-d/Connection.

Then comes Time in language. Speaking in general / ever needs different solution than 1-d representation of time in language.


= = =


A couple more points.

- - -
Julius Caesar is her friend.
Whales are mammals.

Here to be is Definition.

-
Patient's teeth are dirty.

Here to be is intransitive.

are and dirty are states/qualities of the teeth:
teeth - exist
teeth - dirty

That is why in some languages to be in present tense is left out. If teeth - dirty' => they - exist'

The phone is ringing.

Ringing here is present (active) participle (which is an adjective from a verb). So, to be is intransitive (is').
-

In language to be is used with different meaning which makes it a different connection. It is not just a linking verb.

- - -

Why Socrates, Plato and Kant are here?

They help with meaning. The chair in the room is just as imaginary as "Colorless green ideas sleep furiously".

That way the structure of the Simple sentence (which include meaning) will be consistent.
 

Join the conversation

You can post now and register later. If you have an account, sign in now to post with your account.

Guest
Reply to this topic...

×   Pasted as rich text.   Paste as plain text instead

  Only 75 emoji are allowed.

×   Your link has been automatically embedded.   Display as a link instead

×   Your previous content has been restored.   Clear editor

×   You cannot paste images directly. Upload or insert images from URL.

Loading...
×
×
  • Create New...