An inadequate balance between anabolism and catabolism as a cause of obesity

[Marciaga]

Abstract

It is known that matter cannot be created or destroyed in the universe, which has proposed that lower calorie expenditure be associated with an increase in body weight.

Driven by this idea, an explanation that dominated for a long time was the one that held that those with faster metabolisms burn more calories and those with slower metabolisms burn fewer calories. Thus, following intuition, it was proposed that those who have slow metabolisms are prone to gain weight compared to those who have fast metabolisms.

That position seems to make sense until it is confronted with experimental evidence. The most complete study on metabolism to date (you can check the link) supports a different panorama. 

The study, in summary, suggests that metabolic acceleration would not influence weight gain in adulthood. The study found that human metabolism would only accelerate until the first year of biological life (+-), then begin to decline until adulthood where it stabilizes, until it declines again in old age (after 60 years +-)

That is to say, the experimental data from this study suggest that when the metabolism is faster, the most weight is gained, and when it slows down, the weight is lost. Children gain weight rapidly as they grow and the elderly begin to lose weight.

This evidently seems contradictory to the hypothesis of metabolic acceleration. Counterintuitive for some.

However, the explanation is simple. Children gain weight despite their faster metabolism because they are carrying out more anabolic processes, on the other hand, the elderly lose weight despite having an increasingly slower metabolism because they are carrying out more catabolic processes.

So this study shows that when calories are used preferably through anabolic, rather than catabolic, pathways, weight is gained.

It would then not be so much about how many calories you burn, but how you burn them. Even if you spend more calories than another person, if those calories are used in anabolic processes they will make it easier for you to gain weight.

This proposal, which coincides with current evidence, would explain what the realistic participation of metabolism in the issue of body weight would be.

[Moontanman]

2 hours ago, Marciaga said:

Abstract

It is known that matter cannot be created or destroyed in the universe, which has proposed that lower calorie expenditure be associated with an increase in body weight.

Driven by this idea, an explanation that dominated for a long time was the one that held that those with faster metabolisms burn more calories and those with slower metabolisms burn fewer calories. Thus, following intuition, it was proposed that those who have slow metabolisms are prone to gain weight compared to those who have fast metabolisms.

That position seems to make sense until it is confronted with experimental evidence. The most complete study on metabolism to date (you can check the link) supports a different panorama. 

The study, in summary, suggests that metabolic acceleration would not influence weight gain in adulthood. The study found that human metabolism would only accelerate until the first year of biological life (+-), then begin to decline until adulthood where it stabilizes, until it declines again in old age (after 60 years +-)

That is to say, the experimental data from this study suggest that when the metabolism is faster, the most weight is gained, and when it slows down, the weight is lost. Children gain weight rapidly as they grow and the elderly begin to lose weight.

This evidently seems contradictory to the hypothesis of metabolic acceleration. Counterintuitive for some.

However, the explanation is simple. Children gain weight despite their faster metabolism because they are carrying out more anabolic processes, on the other hand, the elderly lose weight despite having an increasingly slower metabolism because they are carrying out more catabolic processes.

So this study shows that when calories are used preferably through anabolic, rather than catabolic, pathways, weight is gained.

It would then not be so much about how many calories you burn, but how you burn them. Even if you spend more calories than another person, if those calories are used in anabolic processes they will make it easier for you to gain weight.

This proposal, which coincides with current evidence, would explain what the realistic participation of metabolism in the issue of body weight would be.

You need to quote the parts of the article you linked to that supports your assertions. 

[Marciaga]

But man, this is among the first paragraphs, but I quote it:

Quote

Measurements of total and basal energy in a large cohort of subjects at ages spanning from before birth to old age document distinct changes that occur during a human lifetime. Pontzer et al. report that energy expenditure (adjusted for weight) in neonates was like that of adults but increased substantially in the first year of life (see the Perspective by Rhoads and Anderson). It then gradually declined until young individuals reached adult characteristics, which were maintained from age 20 to 60 years. Older individuals showed reduced energy expenditure. Tissue metabolism thus appears not to be constant but rather to undergo transitions at critical junctures. —LBR

For the rest, I think that since the article does not mention it, there is no need for evidence that children and adolescents gain weight faster than when they are adults due to their growth processes. A newborn child can go from less than 10 pounds to more than double that in just one year (+20 pounds). That is, this is a child of normal weight. It is difficult for a person, especially of normal weight, to gain so many pounds again so quickly in their entire biological life.

It is also known that elderly or almost elderly people begin to lose weight. For example, men can gain weight up to age 55 and then begin to lose it, and women up to age 65. The elderly lose weight.

If you also need references on this, I have no problem providing it, but this is something known, that when you are growing you gain weight and that when you begin to age you lose weight.

In fact, I leave you a reference about aging:

Quote

Changes in total body weight vary for men and women. Men often gain weight until about age 55, and then begin to lose weight later in life. This may be related to a drop in the male sex hormone testosterone. Women usually gain weight until age 65, and then begin to lose weight. Weight loss later in life occurs partly because fat replaces lean muscle tissue, and fat weighs less than muscle. Diet and exercise habits can play a large role in a person's weight changes over their lifetime.

https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003998.htm

Blessing in the name of Yeshu the Anointed

[Moontanman]

I still don't see your point, the reason why kids gain weight and adults gain weight is or at least can be completely different. Adults often gain weight due to fat accumulation children generally gain weight due to their bodies actually growing taller and larger not just adding fat.   

[Marciaga]

Hey, it seems like you brought up the topic of physics and mathematics.

Yes, children gain weight quickly and are not necessarily obese. But, the point here is that anabolic processes, even if the metabolism is accelerated, will lead to weight gain.

So the same can be applied to obesity. Obesity is probably the product of anabolic processes that lead to hypertrophy of adipose tissue.

That is in the study, the weight gain in middle age that some people report cannot be attributed to the slow metabolism, simply because the metabolism is stable during that stage.

[Moontanman]

Again, what is your point here? Why did you bring this to us? What do you want to discuss? So far all you seem to be doing is reporting on something you feel passionately about but you don't say why this is important to others. 

[oldpaddoboy]

4 hours ago, Marciaga said:

 

In fact, I leave you a reference about aging:

Changes in total body weight vary for men and women. Men often gain weight until about age 55, and then begin to lose weight later in life. This may be related to a drop in the male sex hormone testosterone. Women usually gain weight until age 65, and then begin to lose weight. Weight loss later in life occurs partly because fat replaces lean muscle tissue, and fat weighs less than muscle. Diet and exercise habits can play a large role in a person's weight changes over their lifetime.

 

https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003998.htm

 

Funny that, I'm 80 in July, am 5ft 6in tall, and weigh 86 kgs, after a self imposed diet dropping from 89kgs. I walk 3 to 4 kms everyday, and would walk further except for a troublesome  knee. No, I have no intention of going into hospital for any knee replacement, as I hate hospitals and am a stubborn old bastard!

 

 

[Marciaga]

31 minutes ago, oldpaddoboy said:

Funny that, I'm 80 in July, am 5ft 6in tall, and weigh 86 kgs, after a self imposed diet dropping from 89kgs. I walk 3 to 4 kms everyday, and would walk further except for a troublesome  knee. No, I have no intention of going into hospital for any knee replacement, as I hate hospitals and am a stubborn old bastard!

These cases like yours are very rare, such a heavy person does not regularly reach the age of 80 with Western eating habits, even so, it is likely that you have been very assiduous on medication. I say this assuming that your weight loss was after age 70.

But you probably had to lose weight with age like most, not just with your self-imposed weight loss. For example, anabolic substances such as testosterone decrease with age, which is related to a decrease in muscle mass and weight. It is not surprising that the production of other anabolic hormones is also affected by age and fat is also lost, until it happens like the common old people, who tend to have excess skin hanging like in fat people who lose weight.

Blessing in the name of Yeshu the Anointed

Edited April 22 by Marciaga

[oldpaddoboy]

1 hour ago, Marciaga said:

These cases like yours are very rare, such a heavy person does not regularly reach the age of 80 with Western eating habits, even so, it is likely that you have been very assiduous on medication. I say this assuming that your weight loss was after age 70.

But you probably had to lose weight with age like most, not just with your self-imposed weight loss. For example, anabolic substances such as testosterone decrease with age, which is related to a decrease in muscle mass and weight. It is not surprising that the production of other anabolic hormones is also affected by age and fat is also lost, until it happens like the common old people, who tend to have excess skin hanging like in fat people who lose weight.

 

Not sure where you get your information from, or the validity of such, but I have medicals every 6 months, and the only medication I am on is an aspro and a lipator daily. Blood pressure OK,  Some prostate problems around 10 years ago, a few bcc's cut out due to my love of surfing, (still) and my frequency  at the beach, particularly in my younger days, cataract surgery on both eyes in recent times. I could probably lose another kilo or two, but I would never attempt to get myself below 80kgs. I just wouldn't feel right. A nuggety build I have always been, even in my footy days playing the greatest game of all, Rugby League, and am confident I'll live at least another decade or two. I also drink VB beer, at least 6 cans every week, sometimes with my school reunions, even more then that. They occur whenever the 6 of us that are left,  decide...sometimes bi monthly. I eat well, love my lamb, beef and chicken, plenty of veges, not much fruit. Have never smoked in my life, nor taken any illegal/hallucintory drugs...ever! 

Edited April 23 by oldpaddoboy

[Marciaga]

37 minutes ago, oldpaddoboy said:

Not sure where you get your information from, or the validity of such, but I have medicals every 6 months, and the only medication I am on is an aspro and a lipator daily. Blood pressure OK,  Some prostate problems around 10 years ago, a few bcc's cut out due to my love of surfing, (still) and my frequency  at the beach, particularly in my younger days. I could probably lose another kilo or two, but I would never attempt to get myself below 80kgs. I just wouldn't feel right. A nuggety build I have always been, and am confident I'll live at least another decade or two. I also drink VB beer, at least 6 cans every week, sometimes with my school reunions, even more then that. They occur whenever the 6 of us that are left,  decide...sometimes bi monthly. I eat well, love my lamb, beef and chicken, plenty of veges, not much fruit. Have never smoked in my life, nor taken any illegal/hallucintory drugs...ever! 

Hello. I have read multiple studies that associate American diets and lifestyle with obesity-related health problems that are aggravated by obesity. Diets rich in meat, foods high in sugar and fat. Beer can be one of the most negative things.

But to put it briefly, the average American lives to be about 73 years old. And if you are obese (86 kgs plus 89 kgs, the years decrease). The weight you have now (86 kgs) wouldn't be as much of a problem, but the weight you seem to have before was obviously a more serious problem, from what I've read.

In fact, I have read that many people in the United States take medication and yet that would be the expected biological years they would reach. So your case, with the weight you said you had before, could be unusual, even if you take medication to avoid cardiovascular problems.

 

Some data:

https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/life-expectancy.htm

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41366-018-0210-2

[oldpaddoboy]

5 hours ago, Marciaga said:

Hello. I have read multiple studies that associate American diets and lifestyle with obesity-related health problems that are aggravated by obesity. Diets rich in meat, foods high in sugar and fat. Beer can be one of the most negative things.

But to put it briefly, the average American lives to be about 73 years old. And if you are obese (86 kgs plus 89 kgs, the years decrease). The weight you have now (86 kgs) wouldn't be as much of a problem, but the weight you seem to have before was obviously a more serious problem, from what I've read.

In fact, I have read that many people in the United States take medication and yet that would be the expected biological years they would reach. So your case, with the weight you said you had before, could be unusual, even if you take medication to avoid cardiovascular problems.

 

Some data:

https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/life-expectancy.htm

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41366-018-0210-2

****! Thank Christ I aint in America!!!  

Where I am, the  average age for males is 81.2 years, and for females 85.3 years in 2020-2022, a decrease of 0.1 years for both from the previous year (2019-2021) How bloody old are your links mate?  https://www.abs.gov.au/statistics/people/population/life-expectancy/latest-release

And I don't see myself as obese...I carry my weight well with a large frame and very minimal medication for a near 80 year old. Memory still great also. Death? When it comes it comes. In the meantime, I will enjoy the decade or two I have left. Remembering when you are dead, you are dead...

PS: I expect my family and friends to have a big old rock n  roll party when I kick the bucket, and free beer for all! 

Edited April 23 by oldpaddoboy

[Moontanman]

6 hours ago, oldpaddoboy said:

****! Thank Christ I aint in America!!!  

Where I am, the  average age for males is 81.2 years, and for females 85.3 years in 2020-2022, a decrease of 0.1 years for both from the previous year (2019-2021) How bloody old are your links mate?  https://www.abs.gov.au/statistics/people/population/life-expectancy/latest-release

And I don't see myself as obese...I carry my weight well with a large frame and very minimal medication for a near 80 year old. Memory still great also. Death? When it comes it comes. In the meantime, I will enjoy the decade or two I have left. Remembering when you are dead, you are dead...

PS: I expect my family and friends to have a big old rock n  roll party when I kick the bucket, and free beer for all! 

You better ask christ to forgive you for being an *******... I won't. 

[oldpaddoboy]

6 hours ago, Moontanman said:

You better ask christ to forgive you for being an *******... I won't. 

You and he are invited to the rock n roll concert!